George Caldwell Taylor was born to Alexander William and Alvira (Williams) Taylor in Greeneville, Tennessee on May 29, 1885. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree from Tusculum College and his Law degree from the University of Tennessee. He was admitted to the Bar in 1908 and began practicing law in Rockville, Tennessee. Taylor married Luetta Alpha Gregg on December 19, 1913 and the couple had two children, Ellen Alvira and Jerome Gregg. In 1921, President Warren G. Harding appointed Taylor U. S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Tennessee, where he served until President Herbert Hoover appointed him to the federal bench in 1928. Judge Taylor suffered a heart attack in March of 1949 and, realizing he could not return to his duties, resigned his post in November of the same year. He died on December 18, 1952 at his home in Knoxville.